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Diabetes(Diabetes Mellitus) is a group of metabolic diseases in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period . Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin or the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced. Depending upon the reason Diabetes is characterized as : Diabetes Type 1 & Diabetes Type 2 . Blue circle is the symbol of diabetes .
SYMBOL OF DIABETES
| Diabetes Type 1 | Diabetes Type 2 |
|---|---|
| It is caused due to pancreas not producing enough insulin . | In this , insulin production is normal but the cells of the body does not respond to the insulin . |
| Beta cells in pancreas produce insulin . These cells may suffer autoimmune destruction . The subsequent lack of insulin leads to increased blood and urine glucose. | When a person has type 2 diabetes, liver, and muscle cells do not respond correctly to insulin. This is called insulin resistance. As a result, blood sugar does not get into these cells to be stored for energy. When sugar cannot enter these cells; high levels of sugar build up in the blood. |
| Since , it is dependent on amount of insulin in the blood hence it is known as insulin-dependent diabetes . | It is independent of rate of production of insulin , hence it is also known as insulin independent diabetes . |
| Symptoms are : polyuria (excessive urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), xerostomia (dry mouth), polyphagia (increased hunger), fatigue, and weight loss. | Symptoms are : polyuria (frequent urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), and weight loss. |
| Prevention : Use of immuno-suppressive drugs lead to decrease in beta-cell destruction , Proper diet and improved lifestyle . | Prevention : Proper diet and improved lifestyle , Regular exercise. |
| Cases with type 1 diabetes is less as compared to type 2 . | Approx . 90 % of patients with diabetes suffer from type 2 . |